This study considers the effect of PV panel cost on the use of auxiliary power systems (APSs) in the hybrid power generation system for grid-connected condition. Using the auxiliary power systems along with the PV panels is not essential in grid-connected condition; furthermore, auxiliary power systems produce emission. Therefore, if using the APS is not economic, the use of them is not justifiable. If their use can be justified, a comparison should be made between different auxiliary systems in order to choose the best among. In this work, an evolutionary algorithm (Pareto envelope-based selection algorithm (PESA)) is used for the comparison of different auxiliary systems. In addition, the effect of seasonal and monthly changes of the panel angle is considered. Seasonal or monthly change of the panel angle can improve the PV panel productivity and decrease the annualized cost (ANC) of the power generation system. In addition, this study examines the economical effect of unit electricity power price on the power exchange rate of the hybrid system with grid utility.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
Keywords:
grid-connected,
multi-objective optimization,
PV panel,
hybrid system,
auxiliary power system
Topics:
Algorithms,
Carbon dioxide,
Emissions,
Energy / power systems,
Generators,
Pareto optimization,
Power systems (Machinery),
Solid oxide fuel cells,
Stress,
Fuels,
Diesel generators,
Evolutionary algorithms,
Fuel consumption,
Turbines,
Solar energy,
Solar radiation,
Nitrogen oxides,
Photovoltaic power systems
References
1.
Bernal-Agust
, J. L.
, and Dufo-Lopez
, R.
, 2009
, “Simulation and Optimization of Stand-Alone Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
,” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev.
, 13
(8
), pp. 2111
–2118
.10.1016/j.rser.2009.01.0102.
Baniasad Askari
, I.
, and Ameri
, M.
, 2009
, “Optimal Sizing of Photovoltaic-Battery Power Systems in a Remote Region in Kerman, Iran
,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng., Part A
, 223
, pp. 563
–570
.10.1243/09576509JPE7173.
Dufo-Lopez
, R.
, and Bernal-Agust
, J. L.
, 2005
, “Design and Control Strategies of PV-Diesel Systems Using Genetic Algorithms
,” Sol. Energy
, 79
(1
), pp. 33
–46
.10.1016/j.solener.2004.10.0044.
Lau
, K. Y.
, Yousof
, M. F. M.
, Arshad
, S. N. M.
, Anwari
, M.
, and Yatim
, A. H. M.
, 2010
, “Performance Analysis of Hybrid Photovoltaic/Diesel Energy System Under Malaysian Conditions
,” Energy
, 35
, pp. 3245
–3255
.10.1016/j.energy.2010.04.0085.
Baniasad Askari
, I.
, and Ameri
, M.
, 2011
, “The Effect of Fuel Price on the Economic Analysis of Hybrid (Photovoltaic/Diesel/Battery) System in Iran
,” Energy Sources, Part B
, 6
, pp. 357
–377
.10.1080/155672409030305396.
Tudorache
, T.
, and Morega
, A.
, 2008
, “Optimum Design of Wind/PV/Diesel/Batteries Hybrid Systems
,” Second International Conference on Modern Power Systems
, Romania
.7.
Degobert
, Ph.
, Kreuawanand
, S.
, and Guillaud
, X.
, 2006
, “Micro-Grid Powered by Photovoltaic and Micro Turbine
,” International Conference on Renewable Energies
, France
.8.
Sergio
, B.
, Silva
, S. B.
, de Oliveira
, M. A. G.
, and Severino
, M. M.
, 2010
, “Economic Evaluation and Optimization of a Photovoltaic–Fuel Cell–Batteries Hybrid System for Use in the Brazilian Amazon
,” Energy Policy
, 38
, pp. 6713
–6723
.10.1016/j.enpol.2010.06.0419.
Eroglu
, M.
, Dursun
, E.
, Sevencan
, S.
, Song
, J.
, Yazici
, S.
, and Kilic
, O.
, 2011
, “A Mobile Renewable House Using PV/Wind/Fuel Cell Hybrid Power System
,” Int. J. Hydrogen Energy
, 36
, pp. 7985
–7992
.10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.01.04610.
Roth-Deblon
, A.
, 2006
, “Combined DC and AC Integration of Energy Sources in Hybrid 3-Phase Off-Grid Systems
,” 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (IEEE, 2006
), 2, pp. 2431
–2433
.11.
Kjaer
, S. B.
, Pedersen
, J. K.
, and Blaabjerg
, F.
, 2005
, “A Review of Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverters for Photovoltaic Modules
,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl.
, 41
(5
), pp. 292
–306
.10.1109/TIA.2005.85337112.
Türkay
, B. E.
, and Telli
, A. Y.
, 2011
, “Economic Analysis of Standalone and Grid Connected Hybrid Energy Systems
,” Renewable Energy
, 36
, pp. 1931
–1943
.10.1016/j.renene.2010.12.00713.
Liu
, G.
, Rasul
, M. G.
, Amanullah
, M. T. O.
, and Khan
, M. M. K.
, 2012
, “Techno-Economic Simulation and Optimization of Residential Grid-Connected PV System for the Queensland Climate
,” Renewable Energy
, 45
, pp. 146
–155
.10.1016/j.renene.2012.02.02914.
Bernal-Agust
, J. L.
, and Dufo-Lopez
, R.
, 2009
, “Multi-Objective Design and Control of Hybrid Systems Minimizing Costs and Unmet Load
,” Electr. Power Syst. Res.
, 79
, pp. 170
–180
.10.1016/j.epsr.2008.05.01115.
Dufo-Lopez
, R.
, and Bernal-Agust
, J. L.
, 2008
, “Multi-Objective Design of PV–Wind–Diesel– Hydrogen–Battery Systems
,” Renewable Energy
, 33
, pp. 2559
–2572
.10.1016/j.renene.2008.02.02716.
Sadeghi
, S.
, and Ameri
, M.
, 2012
, “Multi-Objective Optimization of PV-Battery Power Systems
,” 20th Annual International Conference on Mechanical Engineering of Iran
.17.
Erbs
, D. G.
, Klein
, S. A.
, and Duffie
, J. A.
, 1982
, “Estimation of the Diffuse Radiation Fraction for Hourly, Daily, and Monthly-Average Global Radiation,” Solar Energy
, 28
(4), pp. 293–302.10.1016/0038-092X(82)90302-418.
Arun
, P.
, Banerjee
, R.
, and Bandyopadhyay
, S.
, 2008
, “Optimum Sizing of Battery-Integrated Diesel Generator for Remote Electrification Through Design-Space Approach,” Energy
, 33
, pp. 1155–1168.10.1016/j.energy.2008.02.00819.
Corne
, W.
, Knowles
, D.
, and Oates
, J.
, 2000
, “The Pareto Envelope-Based Selection Algorithm for Multi Objective Optimization
,” J. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci.
, 1917
, pp. 839
–848
.10.1007/3-540-45356-320.
Mekhilef
, S.
, Saidurb
, R.
, and Safari
, A.
, 2012
, “Comparative Study of Different Fuel Cell Technologies
,” Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev.
, 16
, pp. 981
–989
.10.1016/j.rser.2011.09.02023.
Seattle City Light
2010 Integrated Resource Plan/Appendix I27.
Wu
, D., W.
, and Wang
, R., Z.
, 2006
, “Combined Cooling, Heating and Power: A Review
,” Prog. Energy Combust. Sci.
, 32
, pp. 459
–495
.10.1016/j.pecs.2006.02.001Copyright © 2014 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
