... temperature with electromagnetic stirring, setting a mean horizontal temperature difference (second holding stage), and finally solidification stage by decreasing the temperature under a imposed horizontal temperature gradient. The numerical model is applied only to investigate the solidification stage...

... than the velocity of the isotherm-lines advancement, in the direction of the temperature gradient, there will be a supply of the coldest liquid and more solute (Fig. 6 ). We can then consider that the lower temperature of the surrounding liquid will have no influence compared to the effect...