Effect of Pin Fins on Jet Impingement Heat Transfer Over a Rotating Disk

Many engineering applications consist of rotating components that experience high-heat load. Applications like the gas turbine engine consist of rotating disks and the study of heat transfer over such rotating surfaces is of particular interest. In the case of gas turbines, the disk also needs to be protected from the ingress of hot turbine gases caused by the low-pressure region created due to the radially outward pumping of fluid close to the rotating surface. The present experimental study investigates the effects of introducing pin-fins on heat transfer over surface of a rotating gas-turbine disk. The experiments were conducted at rotational Reynolds numbers (⁠$ReR$⁠) of 5487–12,803 based on the disk diameter (⁠$D$⁠) and jet Reynolds numbers (Re) of 5000–18,000 based on the jet diameter. The effects of nozzle to target spacing (⁠$z/d=2−6$⁠), eccentricity of impingement (⁠$ε = 0−0.67$⁠), angle of impingement—both toward and away from the center (⁠$θi and θo=0 deg−20 deg$⁠), and the pin fin height (⁠$Hf=3.05 mm−19.05 mm$⁠) were studied. Steady-state temperature measurements were taken using thermocouples embedded in the disk close to the target surface, and area average Nusselt number (⁠$Nu$⁠) was calculated. The results have been compared with those for a smooth aluminum disk of equal dimensions and without any pin-fins. The average $Nu$ was significantly enhanced by the presence of pin-fins. The enhancement was higher for lower values of $Re$⁠, and the maximum enhancement was found to be 3.9 times that of a smooth disk for $Re=5000$⁠. In the impingement dominant regime, the effect of disk rotation was minimal for a smooth disk, but the heat transfer increased with rotational speed in case of pin-fins. There was no impact of eccentricity on $Nu$ for $ε = 0 and 0.33$⁠. For $ε = 0.67$⁠, the maximum reduction in enhancement over a smooth surface (21.95%) was observed when compared with coaxial impingement for stationary impingement for $Re=18,000$ and $z/d=4$⁠. The effect of inclination angle was insignificant, and no clear trend could be established. Higher heat transfer rates were observed for $z/d=6$ with the increasing $Re$⁠, and this effect diminished with the increase in the rotational speed. With the increase in pin-fin height, especially at higher values of $Re$⁠, there was in increase in the value of Nu. Qualitative visualization of flow field has been performed for smooth and the pin-fin case using the commercial simulation package Ansys Fluent to further understand the flow features that result in the heat transfer enhancement.