This paper reports the experimental data of boiling heat transfer coefficients for the ammonia–lithium nitrate mixture in a laminar falling film. The analyzed heat exchanger consists of a shell with an internal helical coil. More than one hundred test runs were carried out in steady-state conditions to determine the boiling heat transfer coefficients at generation temperatures, concentrations, and mass flow rates typical of absorption cooling systems of capacities between 5 and 10 kW. Ammonia vapor was produced at generation temperatures between 80 °C and 105 °C obtaining boiling heat transfer coefficients between 85 and 340 W/m2K. Semi-empirical correlations were used by diverse authors to correlate the experimental data. A new correlation was proposed with which the best adjustments were obtained. Also, the influence of the heat flux, the refrigerant solution mass flow rates, and the exit vapor qualities were analyzed in the boiling heat transfer coefficients.
Issue Section:
Evaporation, Boiling, and Condensation
References
1.
Deng
, S. M.
, and Ma
, W. B.
, 1999
, “Experimental Studies on the Characteristics of an Absorber Using LiBr/H2O Solution as Working Fluid
,” Int. J. Refrig.
, 22
(4
), pp. 293
–301
.2.
Best
, R.
, and Rivera
, W.
, 2015
, “A Review of Thermal Cooling Systems
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 75
, pp. 1162
–1175
.3.
Roques
, J. F.
, and Thome
, J. R.
, 2007
, “Falling Films on Arrays of Horizontal Tubes With R-134a—Part I: Boiling Heat Transfer Results for Four Types of Tubes
,” Heat Transfer Eng.
, 28
(5
), pp. 398
–414
.4.
B. Whalley
, P.
, 1996
, Two-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer. Department of Engineering Science
, University of Oxford
, Oxford, UK
.5.
Fernández-Seara
, J.
, and Pardiñas
, Á.
, 2014
, “Refrigerant Falling Film Evaporation Review: Description, Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 64
(1–2
), pp. 155
–171
.6.
Ribatski
, G.
, and Jacobi
, A. M.
, 2005
, “Falling-Film Evaporation on Horizontal Tubes—A Critical Review
,” Int. J. Refrig.
, 28
(5
), pp. 635
–653
.7.
Jeong
, S.
, Lee
, S. K.
, Kahb
, K.
, and Félix
, F.
, 1998, “Heat Transfer Performance of a Coiled Tube Absorber With Working Fluid of Ammonia/Water
,” ASHRAE Transactions: Symposia
, San Francisco, CA, Jan. 17–21, Paper No. PB. 1162.8.
Patnaik
, V.
, Perez-Blanco
, H.
, and Ryan
, W. A.
, 1993
, “A Simple Analytical Model for the Design of Vertical Tube Absorbers
,” ASHRAE Trans.: Res.
, 99
, pp. 69
–80
.9.
Prost
, J. S.
, González
, M. T.
, and Urbicain
, M. J.
, 2006
, “Determination and Correlation of Heat Transfer Coefficients in a Falling Film Evaporator
,” J. Food Eng.
, 73
(4
), pp. 320
–326
.10.
Guerrieri
, S. A.
, and Talty
, R. D.
, 1956
, “A Study of Heat Transfer to Organic Liquids in Single-Tube Natural Circulation Vertical Tube Boilers
,” Chem. Eng. Progr. Symp. Ser.
, 52
, pp. 69
–77
.11.
Kang
, Y. T.
, Akisawa
, A.
, and Kashiwagi
, T.
, 1999
, “Experimental Correlation of Combined Heat and Mass Transfer for NH3–H2O Falling Film Absorption
,” Int. J. Refrig.
, 22
(4
), pp. 250
–262
.12.
Adib
, T. A.
, Heyd
, B.
, and Vasseur
, J.
, 2009
, “Experimental Results and Modeling of Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficients in Falling Film Evaporator Usable for Evaporator Design
,” Chem. Eng. Process.
, 48
(4
), pp. 961
–968
.13.
Jani
, S.
, Saidi
, M. H.
, Mozaffari
, A. A.
, and Heydari
, A.
, 2004
, “Modeling Heat and Mass Transfer in Falling Film Absorption Generators. Scientia Iranica
,” Sharif Univ. Technol.
, 11
, pp. 81
–91
.14.
Chen
, I. Y.
, and Kocamustafaogullari
, G.
, 1989
, “An Experimental Study and Practical Correlations for Overall Heat Transfer Performance of Horizontal Tube Evaporator Design
,” Heat Transfer Equipment Fundamentals, Design, Applications and Operating problems, HTD, Vol. 108, pp. 23–32.15.
Kocamustafaogullari
, G.
, and Chen
, I. Y.
, 1988
, “Falling-Film Heat Transfer Analysis on a Bank of Horizontal Tube Evaporator
,” AIChE J.
, 34
(9
), pp. 1539
–1549
.16.
Martinelli
, R. C.
, and Nelson
, D. B.
, 1948
, “Prediction of Pressure Drop During Forced-Circulation Boiling of Water
,” Trans. ASME
, 47
, pp. 695
–702
.17.
Zhou
, F. D.
, 1985
, “The Study of Gas–Liquid Two-Phase Flow and Heat Transfer in Helical Coiled Tube
,” Ph.D. thesis, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.18.
Owhadi
, A.
, Bell
, K. J.
, and Crain
, B.
, 1968
, “Forced Convection Boiling Inside Helically Coiled Tubes
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 11
, pp. 1179
–1793
.19.
Kozeki
, M.
, Nariai
, H.
, Furukawa
, T.
, and Kurosu
, K.
, 1970
, “A Study of Helically Coiled Tube Once-Through Steam Generator
,” Bull. JSME
, 13
(66
), pp. 1485
–1494
.20.
Guo
, L. J.
, Chen
, X. J.
, and Zhang
, M. Y.
, 1994
, “Research on the Forced Convective Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of Steam-Water Two-Phase Flow in Horizontal Helically Coiled Tubes
,” J. Xian Jiaotong Univ.
, 28
, pp. 120
–124
.21.
Dengler
, C. E.
, and Addoms
, J. N.
, 1956
, “Heat Transfer Mechanism for Vaporization of Water in a Vertical Tube
,” Chem. Eng. Prog. Symp. Ser.
, 52
, pp. 95
–103
.22.
Nariai
, H.
, Kobayashi
, M.
, and Matsuoka
, T.
, 1982
, “Friction Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer Coefficient of Two-Phase Flow in Helically Coiled Tube Once-Through Steam Generator for Integrated Type Marine Water Reactor
,” J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.
, 109
, pp. 936
–947
.23.
Schrock
, V. E.
, and Grossman
, L. M.
, 1959
, “Forced Convection Boiling Studies
,” University of California, Institute of Engineering Research, Berkely, CA, Report No. 73308-UCX-2182.24.
Zhao
, L.
, Guo
, L.
, Bai
, B.
, Hou
, Y.
, and Zhang
, X.
, 2003
, “Convective Boiling Heat Transfer and Two-Phase Flow Characteristics Inside a Small Horizontal Helically Coiled Tubing Once-Through Steam Generator
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 46
(25
), pp. 4779
–4788
.25.
Chen
, J. C.
, 1966
, “A Correlation for Boiling Heat Transfer to Saturated Fluids in Convective Flow
,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev.
, 5
(3
), pp. 322
–329
.26.
Klimenko
, V. V.
, 1988
, “A Generalized Correlation for Two-Phase Forced Flow Heat Transfer
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer.
, 31
(3
), pp. 541
–552
.27.
Ishida
, K.
, 1981
, “Two-Phase Flow With Heat Transfer in Helically-Coiled Tubes
,” Ph.D. thesis, Imperial College, London.28.
Jitian
, H.
, Li
, S.
, Wenwen
, C.
, and Changnian
, C.
, 2010
, “Study on Flow Boiling Heat Transfer of R134a in Horizontal Helical Coils
,” Chin. Eng. Thermophys.
, p. 093191.29.
Seewald
, J. S.
, and Perez Blanco
, H. A.
, 1994
, “A Simple Model for Calculating the Performance of a Lithium–Bromide/Water Coil Absorber
,” ASHRAE Trans
, 100
, pp. 318
–328
.30.
Seewald
, J. S.
, 1992
, A Model for Calculating the Performance of a Lithium Bromide/Water Absorber
, Ph.D. thesis, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University
, Philadelphia, PA
.31.
Kwon
, K.
, and Jeong
, S.
, 2004
, Effect of Vapor Flow on the Falling-Film Heat and a Mass Transfer of the Ammonia/Water Absorber
, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University
, Seol, South Korea
.32.
Rivera
, W.
, and Best
, R.
, 1999
, “Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficients Inside a Vertical Smooth Tube for Water/Ammonia and Ammonia/Lithium Nitrate Mixtures
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer.
, 42
(5
), pp. 905
–921
.33.
Zacarías
, A.
, Ventas
, R.
, Venegas
, M.
, and Lecuona
, A.
, 2010
, “Boiling Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Ammonia–Lithium Nitrate Solution in a Plate Generator
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 53
(21–22
), pp. 4768
–4779
.34.
Rivera
, W.
, Xicale
, A.
, and García-Valladares
, O.
, 2003
, “Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficients Inside a Smooth Vertical Tube for the Water/Lithium Bromide Mixture
,” Int. J. Energy Res.
, 27
(3
), pp. 265
–275
.35.
Pehlivan
, H.
, and Ozdemir
, M.
, 2012
, “Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Falling Film Evaporation
,” Heat Mass Transfer
, 48
, pp. 1071
–1079
. 36.
Kakaç
, S.
, Shah
, R. K.
, and Aung
, W.
, 1987
, Handbook of Single-Phase Convective Heat Transfer
, Wiley
, New York
.37.
Kakaç
, S.
, Liu
, H.
, and Pramuanjaroenkij
, A.
, 2002
, Heat Exchangers, Selection, Rating, and Thermal Design
, 2nd ed., Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Miami
, Miami, FL
.38.
Kaynakli
, O.
, and Horuz
, L.
, 2004
, “Evaluation of Coil Absorber Performance
,” Heat Mass Transfer.
, 40
(12
), pp. 929
–936
.39.
Hewitt
, G. F.
, 2002
, Heat Exchanger Design Handbook—Part 2: Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer
, Begell House
, New York
.40.
Schmidt
, E. F.
, 1967
, “Warmeubergang and Druckverlust in Rohrschlangen
,” Chem. Ing. Tech.
, 39
(13
), pp. 781
–789
.41.
Yih
, S. M.
, 1986
, “Modelling Heat and Mass Transport in Falling Liquid Films
,” Handbook of Heat and Mass Transfer
, Gulf Publishing
, Houston, TX
, pp. 134
–143
.42.
Chen
, H.
, and Jebson
, R. S.
, 1997
, “Factors Affecting Heat Transfer in Falling Film Evaporator
,” Food and Bioproducts Processing
, 75
, pp. 111
–116
.43.
Krupiczka
, R.
, Rotkege
, A.
, and Ziobrowski
, Z.
, 2002
, “Heat Transfer to Evaporating Liquid Films Within a Vertical Tube
,” Chem. Eng. Process.
, 41
(1
), pp. 23
–38
.44.
Palm
, B.
, and Claesson
, J.
, 2006
, “Plate Heat Exchangers: Calculation Methods for Single and Two-Phase Flow
,” Heat Transfer Eng.
, 27
(4
), pp. 88
–98
.45.
Thonon
, B.
, Feldman
, A.
, Margat
, L.
, and Marvillet
, C.
, 1997
, “Transition From Nucleate Boiling to Convective Boiling in Compact Heat Exchangers
,” Int J. Refrig.
, 20
(8
), pp. 592
–597
.46.
Sterner
, D.
, and Sunden
, B.
, 2006
, “Performance of Plate Heat Exchangers for Evaporation of Ammonia
,” Heat Transfer Eng.
, 27
(5
), pp. 45
–55
.47.
Feldman
, A.
, Marvillet
, C.
, and Lebouché
, M.
, 2000
, “Nucleate and Convective Boiling in Plate Fin Heat Exchangers
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 43
(18
), pp. 3433
–3442
.48.
Cai
, D.
, Liu
, Y.
, Liang
, X.
, Jiang
, J.
, Fan
, M.
, and He
, G.
, 2018
, “Experimental Investigation of Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics in Smooth Horizontal Tubes Using NH3/NaSCN Solution as Working Fluid
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
, 127
, pp. 799
–812
.49.
Parken
, W. H.
, Fletcher
, L. S.
, Sernas
, V.
, and Han
, J. C.
, 1990
, “Heat Transfer Through Falling Film Evaporation and Boiling on Horizontal Tubes
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
, 112
(3
), pp. 744
–750
.50.
Zeng
, X.
, Chyu
, M. C.
, and Ayub
, Z. H.
, 1997
, “Performance of Nozzle-Sprayed Ammonia Evaporator With Square-Pitch Plain-Tube Bundle
,” ASHRAE Trans.
, 103
, p. 68
.51.
Salimpour
, M. R.
, 2009
, “Heat Transfer Coefficients of Shell and Coiled Tube Heat Exchangers
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.
, 33
(2
), pp. 203
–207
.52.
Moawed
, M.
, 2011
, “Experimental Study of Forced Convection From Helical Coiled Tubes With Different Parameters
,” Energy Convers. Manag.
, 52
(2
), pp. 1150
–1156
.53.
Xin
, R. C.
, and Ebadian
, M. A.
, 1997
, “The Effects of Prandtl Numbers on Local and Average Convective Heat Transfer Characteristics in Helical Pipes
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
, 119
(3
), pp. 467
–473
.54.
Chun
, K. R.
, and Seban
, R. A.
, 1971
, “Heat Transfer to Evaporating Liquid Films, Transactions of the ASME
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
, 93
(4
), pp. 391
–396
.55.
Collier
, J. G.
, and Thome
, J. R.
, 1996
, “Convective Boiling and Condensation
,” 3rd ed., Oxford Science Publications, Oxford, UK.56.
Fletcher
, L. S.
, Sernas
, V.
, and Galowin
, L.
, 1974
, “Evaporation From Thin Water Films on Horizontal Tubes
,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev.
, 13
(3
), pp. 265
–269
.57.
Fletcher
, L. S.
, Sernas
, V.
, and Parken
, W. H.
, 1975
, “Evaporation Heat Transfer Coefficients for Thin Seawater Films on Horizontal Tubes
,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev.
, 14
(4
), pp. 411
–416
.58.
Moeykens
, S. A.
, and Pate
, M. B.
, 1994
, “Spray Evaporation Heat Transfer of R-134a on Plain Tubes
,” ASHRAE Trans
, 100
(2
), pp. 173
–184
.59.
Zeng
, X.
, Chyu
, M. C.
, and Ayub
, Z. H.
, 2000
, “Evaporation Heat Transfer Performance of Nozzle-Sprayed Ammonia on Horizontal Tube
,” ICHMT
Digital Library Online, pp. 317–324.60.
Habert
, M.
, 2009
, “Falling Film Evaporation on a Tube Bundle With Plain and Enhanced Tubes
,” Ph.D. thesis, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.61.
Fujita
, Y.
, and Tsutsui
, M.
, 1998
, “Experimental Investigation of Falling film Evaporation on Horizontal Tubes
,” Heat. Transfer Jpn. Res.
, 27
(8
), pp. 609
–618
.62.
Liu
, Z. H.
, and Yi
, J.
, 2001
, “Enhanced Evaporation Heat Transfer of Water and R-11 Falling Film With the Roll-Worked Enhanced Tube Bundle
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid. Sci.
, 25
(6
), pp. 447
–455
.63.
Kærn
, M. R.
, Modi
, A.
, Jensen
, J. K.
, Andreasen
, J. G.
, and Haglind
, F.
, 2016
, “An Assessment of In-Tube Flow Boiling Correlations for Ammonia-Water Mixtures and Their Influence on Heat Exchanger Size
,” Appl. Therm. Eng.
, 93
, pp. 623
–638
.64.
Cadenas
, E.
, and Rivera
, W.
, 2010
, “Wind Speed Forecasting in Three Different Regions of Mexico, Using a Hybrid ARIMA-ANN Model
,” Renewable Energy
, 35
(12
), pp. 2732
–2738
.65.
Taylor
, B. N.
, and Kuyatt
, C. E.
, 1994
, “Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
,” National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, NIST Technical Note No. 1297.Copyright © 2019 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
