Existing databases and correlations in literature on the microchannel pressure drop and heat transfer are reviewed in this paper. From this review, it is found that none of the existing correlations can cover the wide ranges of working fluids, operational conditions, and different microchannel dimensions. In addition, the importance of the Bond number, which relates the nominal bubble dimension or capillary parameter with the channel size, is revealed in this paper. Using the Bond number, improved correlations of pressure drop and heat transfer are established, which predict the existing data well over a wide range of channel sizes, fluids, and operational conditions.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
1.
Ribatski
, G.
, Wojtana
, L.
, and Thome
, J. R.
, 2006, “An Analysis of Experimental Data and Prediction Methods for Two-Phase Frictional Pressure Drop and Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Micro-Scale Channels
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.
0894-1777, 31
(1
), pp. 1
–19
.2.
Muller-Steinhagen
, H.
, and Heck
, K.
, 1986, “A Simple Friction Pressure Drop Correlation for Two-Phase Flow in Pipes
,” Chem. Eng. Process.
0255-2701, 20
(6
), pp. 297
–308
.3.
Mishima
, K.
, and Hibiki
, T.
, 1996, “Some Characteristics of Air-Water Two-Phase Flow in Small Diameter Vertical Tubes
,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow
0301-9322, 22
(4
), pp. 703
–712
.4.
Thome
, J. R.
, Dupont
, V.
, and Jacobi
, A. M.
, 2004, “Heat Transfer Model for Evaporation in Microchannels. Part I: Presentation of the Model
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 47
(14–16
), pp. 3375
–3385
.5.
Lee
, J.
, and Mudawar
, I.
, 2005, “Two-Phase Flow in High-Heat-Flux Micro-Channel Heat Sink for Refrigeration Cooling Applications: Part II—Heat Transfer Characteristics
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 48
(5
), pp. 941
–955
.6.
Kandlikar
, S. G.
, and Grande
, W. J.
, 2003, “Evolution of Microchannel Flow Passages—Thermohydraulic Performance and Fabrication Technology
,” Heat Transfer Eng.
0145-7632, 24
(1
), pp. 3
–17
.7.
Lee
, H. J.
, and Lee
, S. Y.
, 2001, “Pressure Drop Correlations for Two-Phase Flow Within Horizontal Rectangular Channels With Small Height
,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow
0301-9322, 27
(5
), pp. 783
–796
.8.
Qu
, W.
, and Mudawar
, I.
, 2003, “Measurement and Prediction of Pressure Drop in Two-Phase Micro-Channel Heat Sinks
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 46
(15
), pp. 2737
–2753
.9.
Lee
, J.
, and Mudawar
, I.
, 2005, “Two-Phase Flow in High-Heat-Flux Micro-Channel Heat Sink for Refrigeration Cooling Applications: Part I—Pressure Drop Characteristics
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 48
(5
), pp. 928
–940
.10.
Yun
, R.
, Heo
, J. H.
, and Kim
, Y.
, 2006, “Evaporative Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of R410A in Microchannels
,” Int. J. Refrig.
0140-7007, 29
(1
), pp. 92
–100
.11.
Quibén
, J. M.
, and Thome
, J. R.
, 2007, “Flow Pattern Based Two-Phase Frictional Pressure Drop Model for Horizontal Tubes. Part I: Diabatic and Adiabatic Experimental Study
,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow
0142-727X, 28
(5
), pp. 1049
–1059
.12.
Quibén
, J. M.
, and Thome
, J. R.
, 2007, “Flow Pattern Based Two-Phase Frictional Pressure Drop Model for Horizontal Tubes. Part II: New Phenomenological Model
,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow
0142-727X, 28
(5
), pp. 1060
–1072
.13.
Tran
, T. N.
, Chyu
, M. -C.
, Wambsganss
, M. W.
, and France
, D. M.
, 2000, “Two-Phase Pressure Drop of Refrigerants During Flow Boiling in Small Channels: An Experimental Investigation and Correlation Development
,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow
0301-9322, 26
(11
), pp. 1739
–1754
.14.
Pettersen
, J.
, 2004, “Flow Vaporization of CO2 in Microchannel Tubes
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.
0894-1777, 28
(2–3
), pp. 111
–121
.15.
Ungar
, E. K.
, and Cornwell
, J. D.
, 1992, “Two-Phase Pressure Drop of Ammonia in Small Diameter Horizontal Tubes
,” AIAA Paper No. 92-3891.16.
Lee
, H. J.
, Liu
, D.
, and Yao
, S. C.
, 2008, “Experimental Study of Pressure Drop and Flow Instability in Evaporative Micro-Channels
,” Proceedings of the ASME Heat Transfer, Fluids, Energy, Solar and Nano Conference
, Jacksonville, FL.17.
Brutin
, D.
, and Tadrist
, L.
, 2004, “Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer Analysis of Flow Boiling in a Minichannel: Influence of the Inlet Condition on Two-Phase Flow Stability
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 47
(10–11
), pp. 2365
–2377
.18.
Yan
, Y. -Y.
, and Lin
, T. -F.
, 1998, “Evaporation Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of Refrigerant R134a in a Small Pipe
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 41
(24
), pp. 4183
–4194
.19.
Cheng
, L.
, and Mewes
, D.
, 2006, “Review of Two-Phase Flow and Flow Boiling of Mixtures in Small and Mini Channels
,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow
0301-9322, 32
(2
), pp. 183
–207
.20.
Collier
, J. G.
, and Thome
, J. R.
, 1994, Convective Boiling and Condensation
, Oxford University Press
, New York
, Chap. 2.21.
Hartnett
, J. P.
, and Kostic
, M.
, 1989, “Heat Transfer to Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids in Rectangular Ducts
,” Adv. Heat Transfer
0065-2717, 19
, pp. 247
–356
.22.
Zivi
, S. M.
, 1964, “Estimation of Steady-State Steam Void-Fraction by Means of the Principle of Minimum Entropy Production
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 86
, pp. 247
–252
.24.
English
, N. J.
, and Kandlikar
, S. G.
, 2005, “An Experimental Investigation Into the Effect of Surfactants on Air-Water Two-Phase Flow in Minichannels
,” Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels
, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.25.
Kandlikar
, S. G.
, 1990, “A General Correlation for Two Phase Flow Boiling Heat Transfer Coefficient inside Horizontal and Vertical Tubes
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 112
(1
), pp. 219
–228
.26.
Kandlikar
, S. G.
, and Balasubramanian
, P.
, 2004, “An Extension of the Flow Boiling Correlation to Transition, Laminar, and Deep Laminar Flows in Minichannels and Microchannels
,” Heat Transfer Eng.
0145-7632, 25
(3
), pp. 86
–93
.27.
Steinke
, M. E.
, and Kandlikar
, S. G.
, 2004, “An Experimental Investigation of Flow Boiling Characteristics of Water in Parallel Microchannels
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 126
(4
), pp. 518
–526
.28.
Qu
, W.
, and Mudawar
, I.
, 2003, “Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Two-Phase Micro-Channel Heat Sinks––I. Experimental Investigation and Assessment of Correlation Methods
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 46
(15
), pp. 2755
–2771
.29.
Dupont
, V.
, Thome
, J. R.
, and Jacobi
, A. M.
, 2004, “Heat Transfer Model for Evaporation in Microchannels. Part II: Comparison With the Database
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 47
(14–16
), pp. 3387
–3401
.30.
Kosar
, A.
, Kuo
, C. -J.
, and Peles
, Y.
, 2005, “Boiling Heat Transfer in Rectangular Microchannels With Reentrant Cavities
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 48
(23–24
), pp. 4867
–4886
.31.
Kuo
, C. -J.
, and Peles
, Y.
, 2007, “Local Measurement of Flow Boiling in Structured Surface Microchannels
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 50
(23–24
), pp. 4513
–4526
.32.
Yen
, T. H.
, Kasagi
, N.
, and Suzuki
, Y.
, 2002, “Forced Convective Boiling Heat Transfer in Microtubes at Low Mass and Heat Fluxes
,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Compact Heat Exchangers, A Festschrift on the 60th Birthday of Ramesh K. Shah
, Grenoble, France, pp. 401
–406
.33.
Sumith
, B.
, Kaminaga
, F.
, and Matsumura
, K.
, 2003, “Saturated Flow Boiling of Water in a Vertical Small Diameter Tube
,” Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci.
0894-1777, 27
(7
), pp. 789
–801
.34.
Lin
, S.
, Kew
, P. A.
, and Cornwell
, K.
, 2001, “Two-Phase Heat Transfer to a Refrigerant in a 1 mm Diameter Tube
,” Int. J. Refrig.
0140-7007, 24
(1
), pp. 51
–56
.35.
Wang
, L. -H.
, Chen
, M.
, and Croll
, M.
, 2005, “Experimental Study of Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Mini-Tube
,” Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels
, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.36.
Yun
, R.
, Kim
, Y.
, and Kim
, M. S.
, 2005, “Convective Boiling Heat Transfer Characteristics of CO2 in Microchannels
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 48
(2
), pp. 235
–242
.37.
Bao
, Z. Y.
, Fletcher
, D. F.
, and Haynes
, B. S.
, 2000, “Flow Boiling Heat Transfer of Freon R11 and HCFC123 in Narrow Passages
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 43
(18
), pp. 3347
–3358
.38.
Agostini
, B.
, and Bontemps
, A.
, 2005, “Vertical Flow Boiling of Refrigerant R134a in Small Channels
,” Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow
0142-727X, 26
(2
), pp. 296
–306
.39.
Jeong
, S.
, Cho
, E.
, and Kim
, H.
, “Evaporative Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of CO2 in a Microchannel Tubes
,” Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels
, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.40.
Tran
, T. N.
, Wambsganss
, M. W.
, and France
, D. M.
, 1996, “Small Circular- and Rectangular-Channel Boiling With Two Refrigerants
,” Int. J. Multiphase Flow
0301-9322, 22
(3
), pp. 485
–498
.41.
Pamitran
, A. S.
, and Choi
, K. I.
, 2003, “Effect on Boiling Heat Transfer of Horizontal Smooth Microchannel for R410A and R407C
,” Proceedings of the 21st IIR International Congress of Refrigeration
, Washington, DC.42.
Zürcher
, O.
, Favrat
, D.
, and Thome
, J. R.
, 2002, “Evaporation of Refrigerants in a Horizontal Tube: An Improved Flow Pattern Dependent Heat Transfer Model Compared to Ammonia Data
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 45
(2
), pp. 303
–317
.43.
Thome
, J. R.
, and Ribatski
, G.
, 2005, “State-of-the-Art of Two-Phase Flow and Flow Boiling Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop of CO2 in Macro- and Micro-Channels
,” Int. J. Refrig.
0140-7007, 28
(8
), pp. 1149
–1168
.44.
Tadrist
, L.
, 2007, “Review on Two-Phase Flow Instabilities in Narrow Spaces
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 28
(1
), pp. 54
–62
.45.
Kuan
, W. K.
, and Kandlikar
, S. G.
, 2007, “Experimental Study on the Effect of Stabilization on Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels
,” Heat Transfer Eng.
0145-7632, 28
(8–9
), pp. 746
–752
.46.
Lee
, H. J.
, and Yao
, S. C.
, 2008, “Stability Analysis and Network Design of Evaporative Micro-Channels
,” Proceedings of the ASME Heat Transfer, Fluids, Energy, Solar and Nano Conferences
, Aug. 10–14, Jacksonville, FL.Copyright © 2010
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
