The present investigation describes the stability behavior of NCL with end heat exchangers. The one-dimensional transient conservation equations of the loop fluid and the two fluid streams of cold end and hot end heat exchangers are solved simultaneously using the finite element program. For the stability analysis the loop response is found for an imposed finite perturbation to the loop circulation rate. Though the stability may depend on the number of parameters, variation of two nondimensional parameters, namely and , is studied. Selecting the specific combinations of the above two parameters three different cases of stability, namely, stable, neutrally stable, and unstable, are demonstrated. The stability behavior is scanned over a wide range of and values and the stability envelope is also constructed.
Issue Section:
Heat Exchangers
1.
Schmidt
, E.
, Eckert
, E. R. G.
, and Grigull
, U.
, 1939, “Air Material Command
,” AAF Trans. No. 527, Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio.2.
Holman
, J. P.
, and Boggs
, J. H.
, 1960, “Heat trans of Freon 12 near the Critical State in a Natural Circulation Loop
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 82
, pp. 221
–226
.3.
Van Putte
, D. V.
, 1961, M. S. thesis, Prude University.4.
Harden
, D. G.
, 1963, Argonne Nat. Lab. Rep. ANL-6710.5.
Cornelius
, A. J.
, 1965, Argonne Nat. Lab. Rep. ANL-7032.6.
Alstad
, C. D.
, Isbin
, H. S.
, Amundson
, N. R.
, and Silvers
, J. P.
, 1956, Argonne Nat. Lab. Rep. ANL-5409.7.
Keller
, J. B.
, 1966, “Periodic Oscillations in a Model of Thermal Convection
,” J. Fluid Mech.
0022-1120, 26
, pp. 599
–606
.8.
Welander
, P.
, 1967, “On the Oscillatory Instability of a Differentially Heated Fluid Loop
,” J. Fluid Mech.
0022-1120, 29
, pp. 17
–30
.9.
Creveling
, H. F.
, De Paz
, J. F.
, Baladi
, J. Y.
, and Schoenhals
, R. J.
, 1975, “Stability Characteristics of a Single Phase Free Convection Loop
,” J. Fluid Mech.
0022-1120, 67
, pp. 65
–84
.10.
Greif
, R.
, Zvirin
, Y.
, and Metrol
, A.
, 1979, “The Transient and Stability Behavior of a Natural Convection Loop
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 101
, pp. 684
–688
.11.
Mertol
, A.
, Greif
, R.
, and Zvirin
, Y.
, 1981, “The Transient, Steady State and Stability Behavior of a Thermosyphon with Throughflow
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 24
, pp. 621
–633
.12.
Damerell
, P. S.
, and Schoenhals
, R. J.
, 1979, “Flow in a Toroidal Thermosyphon with Angular Displacement of Heated and Cooled Sections
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 101
, pp. 672
–676
.13.
Zvirin
, Y.
, 1980, “The Effects of a Throughflow on the Steady State and Stability of a Natural Circulation Loop
,” Proceedings of the 19th National Heat Transfer Conference
, Orlando, Florida.14.
Sen
, M.
, Ramos
, E.
, and Trevino
, C.
, 1985, “The Toroidal Thermosyphon with Known Heat Flux
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 28
, pp. 219
–233
.15.
Hart
, J. E.
, 1985, “A Model of Flow in a Closed-Loop Thermosyphon Including the Soret Effect
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 107
, pp. 840
–849
.16.
Hart
, J. E.
, 1985, “Observations of Complex Oscillations in a Closed Thermosyphon
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 107
, pp. 833
–839
.17.
Singer
, J.
, Wang
, Y. Z.
, and Bau
, H. H.
, 1991, “Controlling a Chaotic System
,” Phys. Rev. Lett.
0031-9007, 66
, pp. 1123
–1125
.18.
Wang
, Y.
, Singer
, J.
, and Bau
, H. H.
, 1992, “Controlling Chaos in a Thermal Convection Loop
,” J. Fluid Mech.
0022-1120, 237
, pp. 479
–498
.19.
Japikse
, D.
, 1973, “Advances in Thermosyphon Technology
,” Advances in Heat Transfer
, edited by Irvine
, Jr., T. F.
, and Hartnett
, J. P.
, Vol. 9
, pp. 1
–111
. Academic Press
, New York.20.
Sen
, M.
, Pruzan
, D. A.
, and Torrance
, K. E.
, 1988, “Analytical and Experimental Study of Steady-State Convection in a Double-Loop Thermosyphon
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 31
, pp. 709
–722
.21.
Bernier
, M. A.
, and Baliga
, B. R.
, 1992, “A 1-D/2-D Model and Experimental Results for a Closed-Loop Thermosyphon with Vertical Heat Transfer Sections
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 11
, pp. 2969
–2982
.22.
Zvirin
, Y.
, 1981, “A Review of Natural Circulation Loops in Pressurized Water Reactors and Other Systems
,” Nucl. Eng. Des.
0029-5493, 67
, pp. 543
–558
.23.
Mertol
, A.
, and Greif
, R.
, 1985, “A Review of Natural Circulation Loops
,” Natural Convection: Fundamentals and Applications
, edited by Kakac
, S.
, Aung
, W.
, and Viskanta
, R.
, Hemisphere, New York, pp. 1033
–1071
.24.
Greif
, R.
, 1988, “Natural Circulation Loops
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 110
, pp. 1243
–1258
.25.
Torrance
, K. E.
, 1979, “Open-Loop Thermosyphons with Geological Applications
,” J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 101
, 677
–683
.26.
Bau
, H. H.
, and Torrance
, K. E.
, 1981, “Transient and Steady Behaviour of an Open, Symmetrically-Heated, Free Convection Loop
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 24
, pp. 597
–609
.27.
Bau
, H. H.
, and Torrance
, K. E.
, 1981, “On the Stability and Flow Reversal of an Asymmetrically Heated Open Convection Loop
,” J. Fluid Mech.
0022-1120, 106
, pp. 417
–433
.28.
Zvirin
, Y.
, 1979, “The Effect of Dissipation on Free Convection Loops
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 22
, pp. 1539
–1546
.29.
Bau
, H. H.
, and Torrance
, K. E.
, 1983, “On the Effects of Viscous Dissipation and Pressure Work in Free Convection Loops
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 26
, pp. 727
–734
.30.
Vijayan
, P. K.
, Mehta
, S. K.
, and Date
, A. W.
, 1991, “On the Steady-State Performance of Natural Circulation Loops
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, pp. 2219
–2230
.31.
Chen
, Z.
, Qian
, S.
, Abrams
, W. R.
, Malamud
, D.
, and Bau
, H. H.
, 2004, “Thermosiphon-Based PCR Reactor: Experiment and Modeling
,” Anal. Chem.
0003-2700, 76
, pp. 3707
–3715
.32.
Huang
, B. J.
, and Zelaya
, R.
, 1988, “Heat Transfer Behavior of a Rectangular Thermosyphon Loop
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 110
, pp. 487
–493
.33.
Vijayan
, P. K.
, 1999, “Experimental Observations on the General Trends of the Steady State and Stability Behavior of Single-Phase Natural Circulation Loops
,” Eurotherm Seminar No.63 on Single and Two-Phase Natural Circulation, DITEC-University of Genoa (Italy), 6
–8
Sept.34.
Nayak
, A. K.
, Vijayan
, P. K.
, Saha
, D.
, and Venkat Raj
, V.
, 1995, “Mathematical Modelling of the Stability Characteristics of a Natural Circulation Loop
,” Math. Comput. Modell.
0895-7177, 22
, pp. 77
–87
.35.
Fichera
, A.
, and Pagano
, A.
, 2003, “Modelling and Control of Rectangular Natural Circulation Loops
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 46
, pp. 2425
–2444
.36.
Rao
, N. M.
, Mishra
, M.
, Maiti
, B.
, and Das
, P. K.
, 2002, “Effect of End Heat Exchanger Parameters on the Performance of a Natural Circulation Loop
,” Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transfer
0735-1933, 29
, pp. 509
–518
.37.
Rao
, N. M.
, Maiti
, B.
, and Das
, P. K.
, 2004, “Pressure Variation in a Natural Circulation Loop with End Heat Exchangers
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310 48
(7
), pp. 1403
–1412
.38.
Zvirin
, Y.
, and Greif
, R.
, 1979, “Transient Behaviour of Natural Circulation Loops: Two Vertical Branches with Point Heat Source and Sink
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 22
, pp. 499
–504
.39.
Mertol
, A.
, Greif
, R.
, and Zvirin
, Y.
, 1981, “The Transient, Steady State and Stability Behavior of a Thermosyphon with Throughflow
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 24
, pp. 621
–633
.40.
Rao
, N. M.
, 2002, “Investigations on Buoyancy Induced Circulation Loops
,” Ph.D., Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur.41.
Misale
, M.
, Ruffino
, P.
, and Frogheri
, M.
, 2000, “The Influence of the Wall Thermal Capacity and Axial Conduction over a Single Phase Natural Circulation Loop: 2D Numerical Study
,” Heat Mass Transfer
0947-7411, 36
, pp. 533
–539
.42.
Mertol
, A.
, Greif
, R.
, and Zvirin
, Y.
, 1984, “Two-Dimensional Analysis of Transient Flow and Heat Transfer in a Natural Circulation Loop
,” Waerme- Stoffuebertrag.
0042-9929, 18
, pp. 89
–98
.43.
Su
, Y.
, and Chen
, Z.
, 1995, “2-D Numerical Study on a Rectangular Thermosyphon with Vertical or Horizontal Heat Transfer Sections
,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer
0017-9310, 38
, pp. 3313
–3317
.44.
Lavine
, A. S.
, Greif
, R.
, and Humphrey
, J. A. C.
, 1986, “Three Dimensional Analysis of Natural Convection in a Toroidal Loop: Effect of Tilt Angle
,” ASME J. Heat Transfer
0022-1481, 104
, pp. 508
–514
.Copyright © 2005
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
