...Mostafa H. Sharqawy; John H. Lienhard, V; Syed M. Zubair Seawater cooling towers have been used since the 1970s in power generation and other industries, so as to reduce the consumption of freshwater. The salts in seawater are known to create a number of operational problems, including salt...

...Montaser M. Zamzam; Abdalla M. Al-Amiri Free cooling is a well-known concept in the HVAC industry in which the cold water produced by a cooling tower is used directly to satisfy the requirement of the cooling load without assistance by the chiller; this concept, however, is not reported...

... , A. , and Massardo , A. F. , 2001 , “ Saturator Analysis for an Evaporative Gas Turbine Cycle ,” Appl. Therm. Eng. 1359-4311 , 23 , pp. 1275 – 1293 . Raschig GmbH, 2001 , WINSORP [Computer Program], ver.4.02. 25 08 2005 28 09 2005 gas turbine power stations cooling towers...

...Johannes C. Kloppers; Detlev G. Kro¨ger The heat rejected and water evaporated in mechanical and natural draft cooling towers are critically evaluated by employing the Merkel, Poppe, and e –number-of-transfer-units e - NTU methods of analysis, respectively, at different operating and ambient...

...E. de Villiers; D. G. Kro¨ger The inlet loss coefficients for dry, isotropically packed, circular and rectangular counterflow cooling towers are determined experimentally and empirical correlations are formulated to fit this data. Computational fluid dynamics is used to investigate the dependence...