Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Around a Hydrofoil and Evaluation of a RNG $κ-ε$ Model

Cavitating flow around a hydrofoil was simulated using a transport equation-based model with consideration of the influence of noncondensable gases. The cavity length and the pressure distributions on the suction side can be well predicted for stable cavities using the standard renormalization-group (RNG) $κ-ε$ turbulence model with proper noncondensable gas mass fraction. The unstable cavity shedding at lower cavitation numbers was not well predicted by the standard RNG $κ-ε$ turbulence model. A modified RNG $κ-ε$ turbulence model was evaluated by comparing the calculated spatial-temporal pressure distributions on the suction wall with experimental data. The results showed that the predicted cavity growth and shedding cycle and its frequency agree well with the experimental data. However, the pressure increase caused by interaction of the reentrant flow and the cavity interface is overestimated, which caused the time-averaged pressure on the front part of the hydrofoil to be overestimated. The time-averaged pressure on the rear of the hydrofoil was low because the small cavity shedding on the rear part of the cavity was not predicted.